Cholesterol embolism occurs spontaneously or following vascular surgery. Cutaneous manifestations range from purpura and livedo to ulceration and gangrene.
Histology of cholesterol emboli
Microscopically, clefts indicating the sites of cholesterol deposition are seen in arterioles and arteries in the dermis and subcutis. Fibrin thrombi often surround the cholesterol. There may be extensive surrounding necrosis.
Cholesterol emboli pathology
Images provided by Dr Duncan Lamont, Waikato Hospital
Special studies in cholesterol emboli
Usually, none are required.
Differential diagnosis of cholesterol emboli
Deposits of atrial myxoma.
Deposit of material from intravenous injections (usually compounds mixed with illicit drugs).